Rock-drill.



W. A. SMITH.

ROCK omLL.

APPLICATIUN FILED DEC. I6, 1916.

Patented Feb. 11, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEETI W. A. SMITH.

BUCK DRILL.

APPLICATION .FILED 0m16.191s.

Patented Feb. 11, 1919.

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W. A. SMITH.

ROCK DRILL.

APPLlcATIoN msn 0m16.191s.

Patented Feb. 11, 1919.

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WED STATES PATENT FFTQE.

WILLIAM A.,S1V[I1II, OF DENVER, COLORADO, ASSIGNOR TO THE DENVER ROCK DRILL MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF DENVER, COLORADO, A CORPORATION OF DELA- WARE.

ROCK-DRILL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 11, 1919.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, WmLIAM A. SMITH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Denver, in the county of Denver and State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rock-Drills, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates more particularly to rock drills of the hammer piston type, and the object is to provide 'novel mechanism of a simple and practical char-v acter that will effectively turn the drill bit, includes novel means for delivering cleansing iuid to the bit, said means being under the constant control of the operator, and furthermore provides effective means for holding the drill bit to its work and governing the control of the motive fluid.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure l is a side elevation of a structure embodying the present improvements.`

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view therethroughparts being shown in elevation.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view taken at right angles to Fig. 2.

Fig. t is a cross sectional view taken substantially on the line 4.-4 of Fig..3

Fig. 5 is a cross sectional view illustrating the arrangement of the feathers or keys for the piston.

Fio. 6 is across sectional view taken substantially on the line 6 6 of Fig. 3.

gig. 7 is a rear eleva-tion of the structure, an

Fig. 8 is a view diagrammaticin its character, showing the coacting ratchet members as laid out` flat to illustrate the relation of the pawls. Y

Similar reference numerals designate corresponding parts in all the ligures of `the drawings.

In the embodiment illustrated, the motor consists of a barrel or cylinder member 9, within whichreciprocates a piston 10 having an extension l1 of less diameter than the piston proper. This piston is of the hammerl type. Motive :Huid is supplied to the piston chamber by a passageway 12 having at its front end lateral branchesV 13 terminating in ports 14 which communicateV with the interior of the cylinderon opposite sides of the piston and with longitudinal channels 15 cut in said piston, these channels terminating short of the ends of the piston, as will be clear by reference to Fig. 2.

Formed in opposite sides of the cylinder member adjacent to the front and rear ends thereof, are recesses 16 with which the ends of the'ohannels 15 alternately communicate, accordingly as the piston reciprocates. It will thus be seen that motive fluid entering` the supply passageway 12, will pass through the branches 13 to the ports 14: and be alternately delivered through the channels 15 and recesses l6-to the front and rear ends of the piston to reciprocate said piston. The eX- haust takes place through a passageway 17 formed in one side of the cylinder member, and having ports 18 that are alternately covered and uncovered by the Vends of the piston upon its reciprocation. The passageway 17 preferably delivers the exhaust forwardly and therefore away from the operator. The piston 10 is held against rotation or oscillation by keys or feathers 19 liXed in the cylinder walls and engaging in grooves or keyways 20 formed in the sides of the piston hammer. These feathers or keys by preventing the turning of the piston, insure the proper alinement and register of the supply andV exhaust passages and ports, and also serve in securing the proper functioning of the drill bit rotating mechanism, which will now be described.

The reduced extension 11 is provided with grooves 21 that have a slight spiral disposition, said reduced extension slidably passing througha cylinder head 22 and a relatively thick nut 23 provided with internal spiral teeth 24: engaged Vin the grooves 21. The front face of this nut has ratchet teeth 25. Thenut 23 is `located within a detachable chuck head 26 fitted against the cylinder head 22 and having a reduced front end 27 within which is rotatably mounted a chuck sleeve 28, said sleeve having an angular socket or bore 29 toreceive the rear end of a drill bit 30 that is correspondingly shaped in cross section. It will be seen by reference to Fig. 3 that the reduced extension 11 of the piston operates directly upon the rear end of the drillbit. The sleeve `28 has an enlarged inner end 31 forming a shoulder that abuts against astop shoulder 32formed internally Vin the chuck head 26, and the rear end of said sleeve is provided with longitudinal slots 33 in which are slidable rearwardly eX- tending pawls 34, the rear ends of which engage and coperate with the teeth 25 on the nut 23. These pawls are yieldingly urgedl rearwardly by springs 35 located behind them. In order to support the `pawls the inner end of the chuck sleeve 28 1s counterbored, and tightly fitted therein is a bush-` Y slight movement of the nut in one direction will cause a set of pawls to be brought into proper engagement with the teeth to cause the turning movement of the chuck sleeve when the nut is turned in the opposite direction, and the movement of the nut need only be one half the width of the ratchet teeth to effect the operation of the sleeve. In other words, the sets of pawls alternately operate.

For the purpose of su plying motive fluid to the passageway 12, t e following mechanism is employed. The cylinder member 9 is provided with a rear head 37Y which is chambered, as shown at 38, said chamber `constituting a lubricant reservoir, and is furthermore formed' with a passageway 39 communicating with the passageway 12. This rear head 37 is furthermore provided with an extension 40 that extends into the cylinder member, the piston being hollowed out, as shown at 41 to accommodate said socket extension. Slidably mounted in the rear head 37 and in the socket of the eXtension 40 is a tubular neck 42 which carries a handle 43. This handle, as shown in Fig. 2, has `oppositely extending ears 44 slidable upon the rear ends 45 of side bolts 46 that connect the' chuck head 26 and the rear head 37- to tie the `parts together. These extentions 45 have rear heads 48 that limit the outward movement of t-he handle. The handle is provided with a lateral inlet passageway 49 to which may be coupled the usual hose line, and this passageway is in communication with the bore 50 of the neck 42, which neck is open ended and is thus in communication with this socket of the eX-tension 40. 'Ifhe said neck furthermore is provided with a lateral Vport 51 that is movable -into communication with the passage 39 when the handle is moved toward the motor, and said port is closed when the handle is in its outermost position. It will thus be seen that whenthe handle is pushed forward the port 51.7will -bebrought into communication with the passage 39, so that motive fluid supplied to the passageway 49 will :pass into the-motor -to operate the same.

of the drill hole.

The lubricant reservoir 38 canbe supplied with lubricant through a port controlled b-y a removable plug 52, and said lubricant reservoir furthermore has an outlet port 53 formed in the inner circular wall through which the neck 42 passes. The said neck is provided with a lubricant receiving pocket 54" that is in communication with the port 52 when the handle is in its outermost position, and is incominuni-cation with the passageway 39 when the handle is moved inwardly. Consequently, it will be clear that lubricant delivered into the pocketvwhen the handle is in its outer position will be delivered into the passageway 39 when the handle is pushed inwardly, and this lubricant will be carried by the motive fluid to the motor.

The drill bit 30 may be of the usual type, and consequently provided with a borev 55 for conducting cleansing fluid to the bottom The piston hammer 10 and its extension is also provided with a bore 56 alined with the bore 55. Fluid under pressure is delivered to the bore 56 and consequently to the bore 55 by means of a conducting tube 57, the rear end of which is slidfably mountedr in the handle 43, said tube passing through. the bore 50 of the neck 42 and into the bore 56.4 The tube has a rear closed end, and is provided with'av l-ateral port 58 'that is movable into and out of .forwardly and backw-ardly in the handle member. The mounting for this tube includes a plug 59fthrough which said tube slidably passes andyagainst which it is arranged to abut to limit its outward movement. The rear end of the tube isprovided with a thumb or finger piece 60 arranged within the handle in convenient relation to be pressed upon b-y the operator, anda spring 61 is interposed between the'finger piece and the plug 59, this spring, as will be ev-ident, holding the tube in its rearmost position with the port 58'out of communication with Ithe. passageway 49.

When the tube is pressed forwardly, the port 58 is brought into connnunication with the passageway, and consequently fluid under pressure can enter the tube 57 and discharging from'the front end thereof, will pass through the bore56 into the bore 55 of the drill bit. Y

Briefly described, the general operation of the apparatus is as follows; Y -With the parts as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, it will be evident that the motive Huid is out off from the motor. To eifect the operation, the operator `graspingthe handle 43, presses it inwardly or toward the motor.. Thisbrings the port 51 intoV communication with the passageway 39, and the motive fluid. will thus flow through the passageway 12` and branches 13 to the channels 15. It will be distributed through these channels `alternately to the opposite ends of the piston hammer or head and cause the reciprocation thereof in a manner well understood. The piston being held against rotation will cause an oscillation of the nut 23, and through the medium of the ratchet teeth 25 and pawls 34.-, the chuck sleeve 28, and consequently the drill bit will be given a step-bystep rotation. Whenever it is desired to eject the cuttings from the drill hole, the operator has only to press upon the finger piece 60, thereby forcing the tube 57 inwardly and bringing the port 58 into communication with the supply passageway 49, whereupon a portion of the motive iuid will be diverted through the tube 57, and

consequently through the piston and drill bit into the drill hole. The reciprocation of the handle will also supply lubricant to the apparatus, as above described.

From the foregoing, it is thought that the construction, operation and many advantages of the herein described invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art, without further description, and it will be understood that various changes in the size, shape, proportion and minor details of construction may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In drilling apparatus, the combination with a cylinder member and a hammer piston therein, of an oscillatory element actuated by the hammer piston, having a front ratchet face, a rotatable chuck sleeve located in advance of the element, said sleeve having a tool receiving socket and a slotted rear end, a bushing fitting into the rear end of the sleeve and constituting inner walls for the slots, and pawls slidable in the slots and coacting with the oscillatory element.

2. In drilling apparatus, the combination with a cylinder member and a hammer piston therein, of an oscillatory element actuated by the hammer piston, a rotatable chuck sleeve element located in advance of the oscillatory element, one of said elements having a slotted end, the adjacent end of the other element having a ratchet face, a bushing iitting into said slotted end and constituting inner walls for the slots, and pawls slidable in the slots and coacting with the adjacent ratchet face.

In testimony whereof, I aiix my signa.- ture in the presence of two witnesses. f

WILLIAM A. SMITH. Witnesses:

D. E. STnoUT, RoY G. DAVIS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

